Dark Matter as Nested Gravitational Constraints: The Gravitational Enhancement Effect of Constrained-State Energy in Energy-Efficiency Theory

Read full text
Authors: Hongpu Yang
Cited by: 13
References: 12

Abstract

Dark matter is interpreted not as a particle but as the collective gravitational projection of nested constrained-state energy structures in galaxies. Starting from Yang’s Axioms, we derive the modified Poisson equation and effective rotation curves. The framework quantitatively fits the Milky Way, the Large Magellanic Cloud, M87, and the Bullet Cluster, with residuals R² > 0.95. It naturally resolves the core–cusp, missing satellites, and too-big-to-fail problems. Testable predictions include a scaling relation between nested level and galaxy mass, saturation of acceleration in outer halos, and redshift evolution of the dark matter fraction. This work unifies dark matter with dark energy as two manifestations of the same energy ontology within Yang’s Energy-Efficiency Cycle.

Fields of Study & Subjects

Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena Cosmology and Gravitation Theories Astronomy and Astrophysical Research

Publication details

Journal / source
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Publication date
26 March 2026
Language
EN
Document type
Preprint