Data for: Vegetation greening decouples terrestrial carbon-water cycles through contrasting effects on water availability

This dataset contains the processed data supporting the findings of the referenced study. It includes: (1) a global multi-model ensemble (MME) of leaf area index (LAI), water availability (WA) and gross primary productivity (GPP) spanning 1982–2023, constructed from multiple observational and remote sensing products and resampled to 0.5° spatial resolution; (2) future projections of LAI, WA and GPP under SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5 scenarios for 2024–2100 at 0.5° spatial resolution, derived from an ensemble of ten Earth system models; (3) carbon-water coupling correlations between GPP and evapotranspiration (GPP_ET) and between GPP and water availability (GPP_WA), computed using 5-, 10- and 15-year moving windows along with their temporal trends; and (4) the relative contributions of precipitation (P) and actual evapotranspiration (ET) to historical and future trends and variability in water availability, including spatially explicit maps of dominant drivers under historical conditions and both future scenarios.