Observation-Relative Monitorability of Bounded Temporal Implication
Abstract
A material conditional "P implies Q" has a timeless truth value, but knowing whether it holds does not: every physical or computational check of the conditional is an act of observation, carried out at finite resolution, with each event separated from its observation by delay, drift, and jitter. This produces a paradox of observed implication -- an internally sound monitor can contradict the timeless truth value in both directions (a spurious falsifier, or a phantom trigger), not because the instrument is broken but because observation has a class. We make this precise for the temporal implication G(p -> F[
Fields of Study & Subjects
Formal Methods in Verification
Distributed systems and fault tolerance
Logic
programming
and type systems
Publication details
- Journal / source
- IRIS Research product catalog (Sapienza University of Rome)
- Publication date
- 30 July 2026
- Language
- EN