WAKE: a visitation-statistics atlas of the solar neighbourhood — arrival statistics, an exclusion map, and a flyby network on Gaia DR3 kinematics

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Authors: Yukie Maeda
Cited by: 2

Abstract

Abstract (English) Should we have been visited? We present the first calculation of visitation statistics for the solar system on the observed stellar kinematics of the solar neighbourhood: arrival statistics of close stellar passages on Gaia DR3 (56,286 stars with 6D phase-space data within 100 pc), combined with settlement dynamics in the probe-based, entry-driven convention of Carroll-Nellenback et al. Our contributions are three layers on one catalogue. (1) Arrival statistics: a completeness-corrected, exposure-normalized encounter rate with explicitly declared accounting conventions. Reconstructing the accounting of the two published rate camps on our own data, we find their factor-of-two split is dominated by the population that the completeness correction targets, not by data quality; we also identify a third systematic mode (faint-end Gaia RVS radial-velocity artifacts) that evades both value- and error-based quarantines and can inflate encounter rates severalfold, and we introduce a tangential-velocity consistency test to flag it. Our clean rate is λ(1 pc)=4.5 (+4.0/−2.7) Myr⁻¹ for the FGK+early-M population. (2) An exclusion map: conditional statements of the form ``if the settled fraction exceeds f*, the solar system should have been visited within the past 10 Myr (silence rejected at 95%)''; at the standard probe range of 3.07 pc we obtain f*=5.0×10⁻³. A three-valued theorem layer imports the survival theory proved in a companion mathematics paper (DOI 10.5281/zenodo.21955413), separating where survival is theorem-guaranteed, where the theorem is silent, and recording that no extinction theorem exists for the full model anywhere. (3) A flyby network: on the time-varying graph of close passages, a propellant-minimal visiting route exists at all times in the window, with a single-transfer departure budget of Δ v≈5.8 km/s — a statistical property of the network, not of any particular star. All statements are conditional probability statements over a declared population; undecidable regions are reported as undecidable. This is surveying, not proof. Bundle. This record carries the bilingual paper (wake_en.pdf authoritative; wake_ja.pdf translation), the released data set (arrival_catalog_v1.json, exclusion_map_v1.json, flyby_network_v1.json with a SHA-256 MANIFEST.json), and the complete repository archive wake-atlas-v1.tar.gz (code, phase documents, ruling records — the reference target of Appendices B and C). Code files are additionally licensed under MIT (LICENSE in the archive); the record as a whole is CC BY 4.0. Interactive simulator: https://yukie-lab.github.io/wake-atlas/ — reads exactly the released JSONs; its verification harness (16 checks incl. SHA-256) is displayed before any visualization. AI disclosure: all computations and drafts were executed by an AI system (Claude Code, model Claude Fable 5) under the direction and arbitration of the human author (paper Appendix B); the internal verification protocol is not a substitute for human peer review. 要旨(日本語) 太陽系は訪問済みのはずか。本論文は、太陽近傍の実測恒星運動学の 上で太陽系の来訪統計を初めて計算する: Gaia DR3(100 pc 以内の 6 次元位相空間 データを持つ 56,286 星)の接近統計に、Carroll-Nellenback らの探査機型・進入駆動 規約の入植動力学を重ねる。寄与は一つのカタログの上の三層である。 (1)到来統計: 会計規約を明示宣言した完備性補正・露出正規化の接近率。 公刊2陣営の会計規約を自データ上で再構成した結果、約2倍の分裂の主因は完備性補正が 対象とする母集団の違いであり、データ品質ではない。さらに値検疫・誤差検疫の双方を すり抜ける第三の系統モード(Gaia RVS 暗端の視線速度アーティファクト。接近率を 数倍膨張させうる)を同定し、接線速度整合検査を判別器として導入した。クリーン率は FGK+早中期M母集団で λ(1 pc)=4.5 (+4.0/−2.7) Myr⁻¹。 (2)排除地図:「入植割合が f* を超えるなら、太陽系は過去 10 Myr に 訪問済みのはず(沈黙は 95% で棄却)」という条件付き言明。標準探査機航続距離 3.07 pc で f*=5.0×10⁻³。三値の定理レイヤは、姉妹数学論文 (DOI 10.5281/zenodo.21955413)で証明された生存理論を輸入し、生存が定理保証される 領域・定理が沈黙する領域を分離し、完全モデルの絶滅定理は全域で存在しないことを 記録する。(3)フライバイ網: 接近通過の時変グラフ上に、推進剤最小の来訪 経路が窓内の全時刻で存在し、単一乗換の離脱予算は Δ v≈5.8 km/s。 これは特定の星ではなく網の統計的性質である。すべての言明は宣言された母集団上の条件付き 確率文であり、判定不能領域は判定不能として報告する。これは測量であって証明ではない。 同梱物: 日英二版 PDF(英語版が正文)・公開データ3 JSON+SHA-256 マニフェスト・リポジトリ全量 wake-atlas-v1.tar.gz(付録B/C の参照先)。コードは MIT 併用宣言、レコード全体は CC BY 4.0。シミュレータ: https://yukie-lab.github.io/wake-atlas/

Fields of Study & Subjects

Stellar planetary and galactic studies Astronomy and Astrophysical Research Astro and Planetary Science

Publication details

Journal / source
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Publication date
16 August 2026
Language
EN
Document type
Preprint