Cardiopatia ipertrofica ostruttiva transitoria indotta da steroide: un caso oltre l'età neonatale

Steroid-induced hypertrophic cardiopathy is a rare and transient condition, predominantly described in neonates receiving corticosteroid therapy for respiratory diseases. Although several case reports exist in literature, this clinical entity is poorly known and rarely considered in routine practice. The paper presents the case of an infant hospitalised for bronchopneumonia caused by rhinovirus and Moraxella catarrhalis. The infant was treated with steroids and high-flow oxygen therapy and, during hospitalisation, developed hypertrophic cardiopathy with severe left ventricular outflow tract obstruction. The exclusion of other potential causes and the clinical improvement following steroid withdrawal led to the diagnosis of reversible steroid-induced hypertrophic cardiopathy.