PEDIATRIC SHOULDER DISLOCATIONS

Pediatric shoulder dislocations, while less common than in adults, are clinically significant due to the unique anatomy and development of children and adolescents. The shoulder joint, with its extensive range of motion, is inherently prone to instability. This risk is heightened in younger individuals with underdeveloped stabilizing structures, such as the labrum, joint capsule, and rotator cuff muscles. Open growth plates further complicate treatment, as they must be managed carefully to avoid affecting future growth. Trauma is the primary cause of shoulder dislocations in children and adolescents, often result-ing from falls, contact sports (e.g., football, wrestling, rugby), or motor vehicle accidents. Anterior dis-locations are the most common, with posterior and inferior dislocations being rare. Adolescents aged 13-17 are particularly at risk due to increased participation in high-risk sports involving forceful arm movements or impacts. Boys are more frequently affected, likely due to higher engagement in contact sports. Common symptoms include acute pain, visible deformity, and restricted shoulder movement. In some cases, nerve damage, particularly to the axillary nerve, can cause numbness or weakness. Early diagnosis is essential and typically involves clinical evaluation combined with imaging techniques like X-rays, MRI, or CT scans.