EFFECT OF GENETIC FACTORS ON FRACTURES

A bone fracture is the separation of a bone into one or more pieces, often due to impact, pressure, trau-ma, or sometimes conditions like osteoporosis, bone cancer, or osteogenesis imperfecta. Bone fractures are common in childhood. Most pediatric fractures result from trauma and are highly associated with sports participation, despite the relationship between increased bone density and strength in children with exercise (physical loading). A complex level of genetic heterogeneity has been identified in as-sociation with pediatric bone. Peak bone mass (PM), which is the highest bone mass a person reaches as a result of normal growth before bone loss starts. Decreases in peak bone mass are directly related to bone fractures. The physiological processes underlying bone structure and healing are shaped by inherited genetic codes, which include immunological and biological factors. The investigation and identification of these genetic codes has brought a different perspective to childhood fractures. The occurrence of bone fractures in children is seriously related to various mutations, genetic factors, he-reditary diseases and some genes.