Serum Formulation Containing Salmon DNA and Various Plant Extracts as Antioxidant and Anti-aging on UV-Induced Human Skin Fibroblast Cells

Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is the primary extrinsic factor driving premature skin aging through oxidative stress and extracellular matrix degradation in dermal fibroblasts. The development of therapeutic agents capable of attenuating UV-induced damage has therefore gained increasing attention. Salmon-derived DNA and plant extracts, including rose, green tea, Aloe vera, chamomile, and gotu kola, possess antioxidant and regenerative properties, suggesting potential synergy in topical formulations. This study evaluated the antioxidant and anti-aging potential of a serum containing salmon DNA and plant extracts (SDSPE) in human skin fibroblast (BJ) cells exposed to UV-induced stress. BJ cells were irradiated with UV for 75 min to induce oxidative stress and subsequently treated with SDSPE or a serum base (SB). Antioxidant activity was assessed using DPPH, NO, ABTS, H₂O₂ scavenging, and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) assays. Anti-aging effects were evaluated through hyaluronidase (HAase) inhibition and total protein quantification. SDSPE exhibited strong antioxidant activity, with dose-dependent radical scavenging and low IC₅₀ values. Treatment at 3.13 μg/mL significantly enhanced T-AOC levels, suppressed HAase activity, and increased total protein content, indicating improved fibroblast function and viability. These effects were more pronounced than SB, which highlighted the contribution of bioactive constituents. Collectively, SDSPE demonstrated protective effects against UV-induced oxidative stress and senescence in fibroblasts. These findings support SDSPE as a promising, safe, and effective dermocosmetic candidate for preventing photoaging and warrant further investigation in cosmeceutical biotechnology.