Clinical and Pleiotropic Benefits of Hypolipidemic Drugs with Particular Emphasis on Statins in the Management of Dyslipidemia and Cardiovascular Risk

Dyslipidemia is a major modifiable risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and remains a significant public health problem worldwide. Hypolipidemic drugs, particularly statins, are the cornerstone of pharmacological lipid management. Statins effectively reduce low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and significantly decrease cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. In addition to their lipid-lowering properties, statins exert a variety of pleiotropic effects, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antithrombotic, and endothelial-protective actions. This narrative review summarizes current clinical and experimental evidence on the benefits of statins and other hypolipidemic agents, highlighting their mechanisms of action, clinical efficacy, safety profile, and potential future therapeutic applications.