Optimal Planning for Integrated Energy Systems to Improve Renewable Energy Penetration Rate

This paper proposes the introduction of an Integrated Energy System (IES) into the conventional power system to address the uncertainties and surplus power associated with the increasing share of renewable energy sources (RES). By incorporating IES, this paper aims to mitigate the uncertainty of renewable generation facilities such as photovoltaic (PV) and wind turbines (WT), and to reduce excess electricity generation. In this research, surplus power caused by the oversupply of RES is absorbed through Electric Vehicle (EV) station and Power-to-Gas (P2G) technologies utilizing hydrogen energy. In addition, the shortage of thermal energy demand is supplemented using Power-to-Heat (P2H) technology based on Electric Heat Pumps (EHP). The study formulates a cost-benefit optimization model to determine the optimal capacity of P2X facilities by applying Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP), considering both capital and operating costs of each component in the IES under various RES penetration scenarios. Based on the optimization of the objective function, this paper presents an annual optimal operation strategy for the integrated energy system that maximizes the overall system benefit.