Aislamiento de cepas bacterianas resistentes en pacientes del Hospital Alemán Nicaragüense y su importancia para la salud pública

Introduction: Bacterial resistance is an emerging public health problem, the solution of which requires a multisectoral and interdisciplinary approach, since this group of E-ESKAPE bacteria has the ability to "escape" the action of antibiotics, being the main cause of hospital infections. (Chavez-Jacabo, 2020). Objective: To analyze the behavior of "Isolation of resistant bacterial strains in patients at the Nicaraguan German Hospital and its importance for public health." Method: Descriptive, cross-sectional observational study with a quantitative approach conducted in 2024. 481 positive isolates of bacterial strains were analyzed using VITEK® 2 Compact and WHONET 5.6. The sample, the susceptibility profile according to CLSI 2024 and demographic characteristics of the patients were evaluated. Results: The triad of bacteria E. coli (63%), K. pneumoniae (15%) and S. aureus (6%) were identified, mostly in urine (79%). E. coli was more frequent in women (72%) than in men (34%), with a significant association by sex (p ≤ 0.0001), with a Cramer contingency coefficient of 0.28, indicating a moderate relationship; E. coli and K. pneumoniae showed high resistance to C3G cephalosporins, MRSA strains of Staphylococcus aureus, P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii were detected, resistance was moderate to imipenem and meropenem. E. aerogenes was sensitive to all drugs tested and E. cloacae was resistant to cephalosporins. Conclusions: The findings confirm the need to strengthen epidemiological surveillance, rational use of antimicrobials, and the implementation of integrated strategies at the local and regional levels.