Comprehensive Clinical and Pharmacological Study of Antiallergic Drugs in Patients with Infectious Respiratory Diseases: SWOT-, PESTEL-, Content Analysis

Allergic reactions are a common complication of pharmacotherapy for infectious respiratory diseases and often occur in patients receiving long-term antimicrobial treatment. The rational choice of over-the-counter antiallergic drugs in such patients requires an integrated clinical, pharmacological, and strategic approach. The purpose of the study was to conduct a comprehensive clinical, pharmacological, and strategic analysis of over-the-counter antiallergic drugs used in patients with infectious respiratory diseases, using SWOT-, PESTEL- and content analysis. Over-the-counter antiallergic drugs of systemic and local action, registered in Ukraine for symptomatic treatment of allergies, were analyzed. SWOT analysis is applied to assess strengths and weaknesses, opportunities, and threats; PESTEL analysis to determine the impact of political, economic, social, technological, environmental, and legal factors; content analysis of national and international clinical protocols and guidelines. The key advantages of over-the-counter antihistamines have been identified, including their effectiveness, availability, and variety of dosage forms, as well as limitations associated with the risk of adverse reactions and interdrug interactions. PESTEL analysis showed a significant impact of the macroenvironment on the availability and safety of pharmacotherapy. The content analysis confirmed the need for an individualized approach to the selection of antihistamines and the importance of pharmaceutical care. An integrated approach using SWOT-, PESTEL- and content analysis allows optimizing the symptomatic treatment of allergic reactions in patients with infectious respiratory diseases and can be used to improve pharmaceutical care and clinical recommendations.