Part II: Industrial Information Integration Review 2020–2025

Industrial Information Integration Engineering (IIIE) has become increasingly essential for improving operational efficiency and harmonizing heterogeneous industrial systems through advanced digital integration approaches. Fueled by rapid advancements in Industry 4.0 technologies—including digital twins, artificial intelligence, immersive interfaces, and IoT infrastructures—IIIE is substantially transforming traditional enterprise architecture and integration frameworks. This systematic review synthesizes recent developments and emerging trends, with particular attention to the accelerating adoption of digital twins and the deepening convergence between operational technologies (OT) and information technologies (IT) across multiple sectors. While notable progress has been made, significant challenges persist, especially in developing resilient integration architectures and fully capitalizing on emerging capabilities such as quantum computing and next-generation communication networks. Future research directions emphasize the need to advance semantic interoperability, promote human-centric integration paradigms, and strengthen secure, decentralized information infrastructures. Collectively, these directions highlight IIIE’s pivotal role in enabling intelligent, interconnected, and sustainable industrial ecosystems.