Using Wavelet analysis to study precipitation in Brasília, located in the central-western region of Brazil

Extreme climate events have been happening throughout the years all around the world, causing extensive damages to the population, such as the Monsoon Rainfall in Pakistan, 2022. There were also such events in Brazil, as well as in Brasilia, where extreme precipitation changed history by bringing various losses. Precipitation is a phenomenon characterized by the placing of water from the atmosphere into the Earth’s surface and studying its extremes’ cycles can help foresee when they will likely happen again and, therefore, prevent new disasters, with the help of an analysis tool. Hence, this study applied the Wavelet Transform (WT) to determine the series’ dominant cycles and the behavior of the extremes to the precipitation of Brasilia, Brazil. A Python® routine was used to help with implementing the steps. The corresponding seasonality was in accordance with the literature, and it was possible to determine the dominant cycles, even though some did not seem related to extreme events, which opens room for future research regarding tendencies. Lastly, this work shows the applicability of this analysis tool in the present climate microregion.