Comparison of International Anti-Sanction Measures and Their Implications

As globalization advances, international economic and financial sanctions and counter-sanctions have become crucial tools in geopolitical and economic competition. This article examines countries such as Iraq, North Korea, Libya, and Venezuela from a national perspective, comparing and analyzing their counter-sanction measures in areas like economics and finance, politics and diplomacy, information and technology, military and security, and legislation and judiciary. It evaluates the effectiveness and limitations of these measures. Based on this, summarize the lessons learned from different countries' experiences in countering economic sanctions. Combine these with China's strategies for countering economic sanctions to provide insights for countermeasures. This will offer references for building an international counter-sanctions system.