Advanced Glycation End Products— Physiology and Pathological Activity: A Literature Review

Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) are chemically complex and varied substances that are made inside or outside the body during different biological processes. Condensation between the carbonyl groups of reducing sugars and the free amine groups of proteins, lipids, or nucleic acids produces them non-enzymatically. The accumulation of AGEs in vivo triggers a number of signaling pathways by binding with receptors for AGEs (RAGE) that are intimately linked to the development of chronic metabolic disorders. Because of their capacity to stimulate oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis, AGEs are thought to have pathogenic implications. AGEs play a role in the onset and progression of a number of aging-related pathological conditions, including cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, liver or neurodegenerative diseases, and intestinal diseases. AGEs have an impact on health and aging, particularly in hyperglycemic people. Lowering the risk of AGE-related issues and maintaining overall health can be achieved by monitoring AGE levels and adopting nutritional interventions. This review aims to show the role of AGE in the health and pathologies of various diseases.