Application and Trends of Carbon Capture Technology

Increased fossil fuel burning leads to the continuous accumulation of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere, ultimately causing global warming. To mitigate this problem, humans have proposed carbon capture as the primary solution to deal with CO₂ in the atmosphere. In this review, the first part introduces the background and challenges of carbon capture technology. It also points out the specific uses of CO₂, aiming to emphasize the importance of carbon capture. Part Two introduces three major technologies: pre-combustion capture, post-combustion capture, and oxygen-fuel combustion. The principles behind the three technologies are explained, and the advantages and disadvantages of each technology are analyzed. Part Three mentions five capture methods: absorption, adsorption, chemical looping combustion, membrane separation, and direct capture, and analyzes the advantages, disadvantages, and trends of each method. Finally, this review, through analysis and summarization, predicts that green development will become a trend in carbon capture, providing a new perspective for future researchers.