From cultural symbiosis to civilizational integration: archaeological and ancient DNA evidence from the Dasongshan cemetery in central Guizhou from a community perspective

Taking the Dasongshan cemetery in the Guian New Area as a core case study, this paper integrates mortuary archaeological evidence with ancient DNA results within a community analytical framework to examine the transition in central Guizhou from pluralistic cultural symbiosis to institutionalized civilizational integration. Archaeological evidence indicates that since the HanJin period, external institutions and material cultures were continuously introduced and long coexisted with local burial customs. Ancient genomic data reveal a population structure dominated by Yellow Riverrelated ancestry, stably overlaid with components from South ChinaSouthwest China and Southeast Asia, alongside a small number of outlier individuals, reflecting patterns of intermarriage and regional interaction. The findings demonstrate that central Guizhou functioned as a key node where multi-source populations converged and were incorporated into state governance networks.