The Impact and Adjustment of Globalization on Social Inequality under Cross-border Capital Flows

Globalization, as a significant feature of the current world economic development, has exerted extensive and complex influences on the issue of inequality on a global scale. This article aims to delve into the intrinsic connection between globalization and inequality, and to sort out the differentiated impacts that the process of globalization has brought about on income distribution, development opportunities, and educational skills among different countries and groups through mechanisms such as trade, capital flows, and technology transfer. Research findings reveal that globalization has dual impacts: on the one hand, through trade exchanges among countries and sharing of technological achievements, it can promote rapid economic growth; on the other hand, it also exacerbates inequality within and among some countries. Trade liberalization has led to employment shocks for low-skilled workers and widened the gap between the rich and the poor. Technology transfer, while enhancing production efficiency, also leads to the income disparity between high-skilled and low-skilled workers.