Digital Infrastructure and Enterprise Green Innovation: The Perspective of the New Structural Economics Framework

Grounded in new structural economics, this study draws on data from China's A-share listed companies over the period 2009–2022 to empirically examine the overall impact of digital infrastructure on corporate green innovation and to develop a technology–institution–factor dynamic analytical framework. It is found that the construction of digital infrastructure has a significant promotional effect on corporate green innovation as a whole. Mechanism analysis further reveals two key intermediary paths. The first is the green strategy reshaping mechanism. Digital infrastructure guides the allocation of resources to green innovation activities by enhancing the green strategy orientation of enterprises. The second is the labor structure reconstruction mechanism. Digital infrastructure provides the necessary talent and skill support for green innovation by optimizing the input structure of labor factors. Research shows that digital infrastructure and corporate green innovation are significantly regulated by the regional institutional environment. Heterogeneity analysis finds that the enabling effect of digital infrastructure is more prominent in the eastern region. From the micro perspective of factor and strategic reconstruction, this study provides empirical evidence for understanding the internal mechanism of digital technology-driven green transformation under the framework of new structural economics and provides inspiration for policy formulation to encourage the coordinated advancement of green innovation and digital infrastructure.