Investigating Grammar Learning Challenges for Effective English as a Foreign Language Instruction in Ethiopia

English has a significant impact on how educational systems are developed worldwide. Grammar significantly impacts second language learning by providing the structure for meaningful communication, which enables learners to express themselves clearly and effectively, and promotes a deeper understanding of written and spoken language. The purpose of this study is to assess the challenges associated with learning English grammar. A quantitative approach and a descriptive research design were used for this study. A simple random sampling technique was employed to select 137 undergraduate EFL students from the Rift Valley University, Burayu campus. Data were gathered through a questionnaire and analyzed using Excel and SPSS software. The results indicate that relative clauses, determiners, tenses, conjunctions, and prepositions were among the more challenging aspects of English grammar. Moreover, difficulties such as reported speech, articles, conditionals, passive, and active are found to be less challenging. Furthermore, the study reveals that most undergraduate students at different levels have challenges and issues when learning English grammar, which may be linked to outdated teaching methods, unsuitable curricula, and the students' uninspiring psychological states.