Association Between Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Maternal Bone Metabolism: A Cross-Sectional Study

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a prevalent metabolic condition complicated by pregnancy that relates to poor maternal and infant outcomes. The connection between glucose intolerance and a shift in the bone metabolism in pregnant women is a developing field whose applicability of bone turnover measurements in GDM is yet to be determined. Objectives: To determine the relationship between GDM and maternal bone turnover indices and GDM predictors. Methods: The groups of pregnant women with GDM and those without diabetes were 120 and 60, respectively, in the second trimester of this cross-sectional study. Serum osteocalcin, a cross-linked C-telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX), and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (B-ALP) were measured. It comprised a series of clinical, biochemical, and obstetric data, such as the body mass index (BMI) and insulin resistance, which was determined using the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR). ROC curve analysis and logistic regression analysis were carried out. Results: GDM women were significantly older women with much higher BMI and HOMA-IR compared to controls (p