Nutrological management of the gut microbiota for regulation of symptoms and improvement of quality of life of patients with inflammatory bowel diseases: a systematic review

Introduction: The major predictor for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a positive family history. Endogenous metabolites and dietary nutrients can directly influence epigenetic enzymes. Epigenetic modifications in DNA and histone proteins alter cell fate by controlling chromatin accessibility and gene expression patterns. Objective: It was to highlight the main interactions between nutrition and intestinal microbiota in the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases. Methods: The present study followed the international systematic review model (PRISMA). This study was carried out from September to October 2024. It included randomized controlled, prospective, and retrospective studies published from 2013 to 2024. The Cohen test was performed to calculate the Effect Size and the inverse error standard (precision or sample size) for the risk of bias (Funnel Plot). Results and Conclusion: A total of 30 articles were found, and 17 clinical studies on the modulation of diet to control IBD were included in this study. These studies have shown reductions in persistent gut symptoms, improved gut microbiota, reduced markers of inflammation, and improved quality of life. Diet has an important role in controlling and even remitting IBD. The studies were homogeneous in results, with X2 = 85.5%, which increases the reliability of clinical results on the importance of diet in modulating IBD.