Design and Development of a Nature-Inspired Bird Flapping Mechanism

Abstract - Bird flight is one of the most efficient natural motions, where lift and thrust are generated simultaneously through wing flapping. This paper presents the design and development of a nature-inspired bird flapping mechanism developed as a student research project. The main objective is to convert rotary motion from an electric motor into synchronized oscillatory motion of wings using a simple mechanical linkage system. The mechanism emphasises simplicity, low cost, and ease of fabrication while demonstrating fundamental concepts of engineering mechanics, applied physics, and engineering mathematics. Logical design considerations such as symmetric linkage arrangement, torque-based motor selection, and controlled flapping amplitude ensure smooth and stable operation. Experimental observations confirm uniform wing motion, making the system suitable for educational demonstrations and preliminary research on flapping wings. Key Words: Bird flapping mechanism, Nature-inspired design, Ornithopter, Linkage mechanism, Mechanical motion.