IOT Based Underground Cable Fault Detection

Abstract— The Underground power cables are a vital component of modern electrical distribution systems due to their improved safety, reliability, and aesthetic advantages over overhead lines. During continuous power transmission, these cables are exposed to faults such as short circuits, open circuits, and insulation failures caused by aging, moisture, or physical damage. Such faults can interrupt power supply and lead to increased maintenance costs and safety risks. Traditional fault detection methods rely on manual testing and excavation, which are time-consuming and unsuitable for quick fault localization. The Arduino-Based Underground Cable Fault Detection System provides an efficient solution by continuously monitoring electrical parameters such as voltage, current, and resistance. The system detects abnormal conditions, identifies the type of fault, and calculates the distance to the fault location using Ohm’s Law. The fault distance is displayed on an LCD, enabling faster repair and reduced downtime. This system assists power utilities and maintenance engineers in quickly locating underground cable faults, reducing outage duration, and improving operational efficiency. By minimizing manual intervention and enhancing safety, the proposed system ensures reliable power distribution and effective infrastructure management. . Index Terms: Underground cable Fault Detection, Voltage Regulator, Relay, Resistor, Capacitor, Diode, Arduino, WI-FI Module, IC, IC Socket, Lead-Acid Battery, and LCD Display