Smart Irrigation System

Abstract Water shortage is a big problem in farming, especially in states like Maharashtra. Many farmers use too much water because irrigation is not managed properly, which causes water wastage. This paper explains a Smart Irrigation System that uses IoT sensors and Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) to solve this problem. The system uses sensors to measure soil moisture, temperature, humidity, and rainfall. This data is sent to an ANN model, which decides when and how much water the crops really need. The system then automatically turns irrigation on or off. Results show that this smart system can save 35–45% of water compared to traditional methods like fixed timers or simple moisture limits, while still keeping crops healthy. Because ANN can learn from data and improve decisions over time, the system is smart, adaptable, and useful for modern precision farming. Keywords— Smart Irrigation, IoT, Artificial Neural Network, Precision Agriculture, Water Conservation, Automated Irrigation.