An Analytical Study on Migration-Related Challenges Faced by Workers in the Manufacturing Sector: An Employee Perspective in the Coimbatore Region

Migrant labor is a structural feature of industrialization in emerging countries. In India, industrial centers like Coimbatore are heavily reliant on migrant labor in the textile, auto components, pumps & motors, and engineering sectors. However, migrant laborers are plagued by problems such as job insecurity, low wages, poor housing, health hazards, and lack of access to welfare benefits despite their contribution to the economy. This research paper investigates the problems associated with labor migration from an employee perspective, using primary research data gathered from 379 migrant laborers working in chosen manufacturing units in the Coimbatore area. The research design was descriptive, utilizing statistical methods like descriptive statistics, Chi-square test, Pearson correlation, multiple regression, and principal component analysis. The results show that job insecurity, wage instability, poor living conditions, and lack of welfare benefits have a significant impact on job satisfaction, social adaptation, and retention attitudes. The positive correlation (r = .763, p < .01) between work experience andliving conditions reveals that work quality is a direct determinant ofsocio-economic conditions. Keywords: Internal Migration, Manufacturing Workforce, Labour Vulnerability, Job Satisfaction, Industrial Relations, Social Integration, India