Application of precise respiratory training guided by B ultrasound in patients with severe cardiac disease

Objective To evaluate the application of precise respiratory training guided by B ultrasound in patients with severe cardiac disease. Methods A total of 70 critically ill cardiac patients admitted to the hospital between June 2024 and June 2025 were randomly divided into study and control groups using a random number table method, with 35 patients in each group. The control group received standard respiratory training, while the study group underwent B-ultrasound-guided precision respiratory training. This involved diaphragm and lung ultrasound assessment, personalized adjustment of training parameters, abdominal breathing exercises, cough training, or vibration-assisted sputum expulsion. Comparative analysis was conducted on cardiac function indicators including Left Ventricular Diastolic Distension (LVEDD) and Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction(LVEF), and sputum excretion outcomes including sputum volume, Borg dyspnea score. Results Patients in the observation group showed lower left ventricular end diastolic dimension(LVEDd) and higher left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) compared with those of the control group after intervention(P＜0. 01). Observation group also demonstrated increased sputum volume and reduced Borg dyspnea scores compared to the control group after intervention(P＜0. 01). Conclusion B-ultrasound-guided precise respiratory training effectively enhances cardiac function and sputum excretion outcomes in critically ill cardiac patients. (目的 探讨B 超引导下精准呼吸训练在心脏重症患者护理中的应用成效。方法 选取医院2024 年 6 月—2025 年 6 月收治的 70 例心脏重症患者, 按照随机数字表法将其分为观察组与对照组, 各 35 例。对照组开展常规呼吸训练; 观察组实施 B 超引导下精准呼吸训练, 通过膈肌及肺部超声评估、个性化训练参数调整, 实施腹式呼吸训练、咳嗽训练或震动排痰。对比两组的心功能指标［左心室舒张末内径(LVEDd)、左心室射血分数 (LVEF)］以及排痰效果［排痰量、Borg 呼吸困难评分］。结果 干预后, 观察组的 LVEDD 低于对照组, LVEF 高于对照组, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 01); 观察组排痰量高于对照组, Borg 评分低于对照组, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 01)。结论 B 超引导下精准呼吸训练能够改善心脏重症患者的心功能与排痰效果, 具备临床应用价值。)