Research progress on rehabilitation nursing management of balance dysfunction in the elderly

Against the backdrop of the accelerated aging of the population, the significant impact of balance dysfunction among the elderly on their quality of life has become a public health issue that cannot be ignored. The pathological basis of balance dysfunction involves degenerative changes in multiple systems such as the vestibular system, visual system, proprioceptive system, and central nervous system. Accurately assessing the functional status of these systems is a crucial prerequisite for formulating individualized rehabilitation nursing programs. This article systematically expounds on daily life nursing strategies covering environmental optimization, fitting of assistive devices, and other aspects, as well as traditional exercise therapies such as strength training and balance training. It also conducts an in-depth discussion on cutting-edge rehabilitation methods such as technology-assisted training, neural regulation techniques, and multimodal interventions, providing a complete clinical practice framework from assessment to intervention for rehabilitation nurses. It further emphasizes the core position of early identification and personalized nursing in the management of balance dysfunction among the elderly. (人口老龄化背景下, 老年人平衡功能障碍所致生活质量下降已成为重大公共卫生问题。其病理基础涉及前庭、视觉、本体感觉及中枢神经系统的多系统退行性改变, 精准评估是制定个体化康复护理方案的关键前提。本研究系统综述了环境优化、辅具适配等日常生活照护策略, 力量与平衡训练等传统运动疗法, 以及技术辅助训练、神经调控与多模态干预等前沿手段, 以期为构建从评估到干预的老年人平衡功能障碍全程康复护理实践框架提供参考。)