Effects of Control-Messages on (AODV & DSR) Protocols of VANETs: A Comparison and Results Simulation

A VANET (as a class of MANET) which is formed by vehicles communication, links moving nodes (vehicles) and infrastructure for intelligent transportation solutions. Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) and Ad-Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) are essential for data transfer in these dynamic networks. However, control message exchange greatly impacts these protocols' performance, which impacts network scalability, latency, and packet delivery efficiency. This study examines how control messages overhead affect VANET AODV and DSR protocol efficiency in various mobility situations and traffic volumes. Comprehensive simulations analyze packet delivery ratio, end-to-end delay, and routing overhead. Our findings suggest the use of DSR as a protocol evaluated for comparative analysis (low-density networks) with reduced control overhead while AODV is more adaptable in (high-mobility networks), depending on control message frequency. This work analysis and investigates the impact of control messages overhead on VANET routing protocols (AODV – DSR) for real-world vehicles enhancing efficiency and reliability with simulations under varying network sizes, number of sources, and pause times.