Effect of Ciprofloxacin on Some Oxidative Stress Parameters and TNF-α, IL-6 and BDNF in Diabetic Rats with Urinary Tract İnfection Induced by Escherichia coli

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) are common conditions that, especially when occurring together, lead to significant morbidity. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Ciprofloxacin (CIP) treatment on oxidative stress, antioxidant defense systems, and inflammatory markers in a rat model of experimental DM and E. coli-induced UTI. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on rats with experimental DM and E. coli-induced UTI. CIP treatment was administered, and oxidative stress markers, antioxidant defense systems (including Catalase (CAT) and Glutathione (GSH) activity), and inflammatory markers (such as Malondialdehyde (MDA) and Advanced Oxidation Protein Products (AOPP)) were assessed in both serum and brain tissue. Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) levels were also measured. Results: The combination of DM and UTI significantly increased oxidative stress in both serum and brain tissues, as evidenced by elevated MDA levels (p