Estrategias dietéticas para la prevención y tratamiento del síndrome del intestino irritable

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by abdominal pain, bloating, and motility abnormalities, significantly impacting the quality of life of those who suffer from it. Due to its multifactorial etiology, its management presents a clinical challenge. The objective of this study was to analyze the main dietary strategies used in the management and treatment of IBS during the period 2020–2025. A literature review was conducted of scientific studies focused on dietary modification, elimination diets, and supplementation. The results show that restricting fermentable carbohydrates, increasing soluble fiber intake, using specific probiotic supplements, and reducing ultra-processed foods are associated with a decrease in gastrointestinal symptoms and improved digestive tolerance. These findings are consistent with previous research highlighting the influence of diet on the gut microbiota. In conclusion, individualized dietary strategies, along with nutritional education, constitute a fundamental pillar in the comprehensive approach to IBS and improve quality of life.