Remote monitoring of patients using IoT systems

The rapid advancement of technology has enabled the development of innovative solutions in healthcare, particularly through the Internet of Things (IoT). This paper presents the design and implementation of a monitoring system for human vital signs, focusing on accessibility, cost-effectiveness, and reliability. The proposed system is designed to assist individuals living alone by detecting potential emergencies, such as falls, and alerting caregivers in real time. The architecture integrates IoT devices, including an accelerometer and a Wi-Fi module, which preprocess and transmit data to a cloud-based server using the MQTT protocol. A web application manages device configuration and data visualization, while a mobile application provides instant alerts to caregivers. Performance evaluations demonstrated that the system successfully handles up to 10,000 simultaneous alerts with minimal error rates, ensuring reliability in real-world applications. The low-cost hardware prototype performed well, offering six days of battery life. Future work includes improving hardware durability, battery efficiency, MQTT security, and system scalability.