Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Psychometric Validation of the Indonesian Version of the Online Cognition Scale (OCS)

The growing use of the Internet increases the risk of psychological problems, highlighting the need for valid instruments to assess problematic Internet use. However, adapted and psychometrically tested measures in the Indonesian context remain limited. This study adapted and validated the Indonesian version of the Online Cognition Scale (OCS) using data from 317 participants aged 18–40 years. Psychometric analyses included item–total correlations, EFA, CFA, and reliability testing. The scale was restructured from four dimensions into two—Reality Substitution and Preoccupation & Loss of Control—resulting in 23 reliable items (α = 0.902). CFA indicated acceptable model fit. Overall, the Indonesian OCS demonstrates good validity and reliability for assessing online cognition related to problematic Internet use.