Reconstruction of the Legal Relationship between Local Governments and Indigenous Communities in the Management of Customary Land

This study examines the complex relationship between local governments and Indigenous Communities in the context of managing customary land in Indonesia. The main focus of the research is the implementation of regional autonomy and the recognition of Indigenous communities' rights over customary land, as well as the challenges that arise in harmonizing these two interests. Using an empirical juridical research method, this study analyzes practices in five provinces in Indonesia. The results show significant variations in the implementation of regulations and the effectiveness of different management models. Traditional models show lower conflict levels (15%) and higher community satisfaction (85%) compared to modern models. This study recommends strengthening the legal framework, enhancing institutional capacity, and developing adaptive management models that take local contexts into account