The Double-Edged Sword of Disclosure: Risks and Rewards of Revealing Childhood Sexual Abuse Histories in Intimate Relationships

Aim: This research explores how childhood sexual abuse (CSA) is disclosed in romantic relationships, emphasizing its potential to improve intimacy and trust while acknowledging the risks of rejection and retraumatization. Objectives: This study aims to (1) analyze how the timing, context, and dynamics of relationships influence disclosure outcomes; (2) identify the benefits and risks linked to CSA disclosure; (3) propose a conceptual framework that views disclosure as a dialectical process; and (4) discuss the implications for clinical and therapeutic practices. Methodology: A comprehensive literature review was conducted, drawing insights from trauma psychology, communication studies and relationship research. Theories of self-disclosure and relational dialectics were used to integrate the findings from both empirical and conceptual studies. Results: Disclosure can strengthen relationships through empathy, shared vulnerability, and attachment, but it also carries risks such as stigmatization, partner withdrawal, and increased shame. The outcomes depend on the survivor’s readiness, partner characteristics, cultural context, and relationship stage. A conceptual framework is presented, positioning disclosure as a dialectical process involving tension between openness and protection, and vulnerability and safety. Conclusion: Disclosing CSA in romantic contexts is complex and impactful. Creating supportive environments and choosing the appropriate timing are crucial, and therapeutic practices should view disclosure as a potential healing catalyst, rather than an inherently positive or negative act.