Emulgel-Based Antihistaminic Drug Delivery System: Formulation and Evaluation – A Review

Emulgels are sophisticated, semi-solid drug delivery systems engineered for superior topical administration. Strategically merge the aesthetic elegance and patient compliance features of gels with the enhanced drugsolubilization and dermal penetration capabilities of emulsions .This dual-control release system efficiently circumvents the primary limitation of traditional hydrogels: the poor delivery of lipophilic drugs. This review systematically evaluates the rationale, formulation development, physicochemical assessment, and therapeutic utility of emulgels, specifically targeting the topical application of H1 antagonists, such as the lipophilic agents Loratadine and Ebastine, as well as hydrophilic drugs like Diphenhydramine. Topical delivery is proven effective for localizing the therapeutic action against histamine-mediated dermatoses, including urticaria and allergic rhinitis. Research confirms that emulgels successfully maximize local efficacy (e.g., 96.25% drug content, 74.25% release for Ebastine), minimize systemic side effects, and offer emollient properties essential for soothing irritated skin. Innovations incorporating nanotechnology (nano emulgels) and specialized excipients like Jojoba oil continue to advance their potential, positioning antihistaminic emulgels as key future contenders in the management of cutaneous allergic disorders.