Malignant hypertension — still present hypertensive emergency with kidney involvement

Malignant hypertension (MHT) is a rare but still occurring emergency condition in hypertension. A characteristic feature of MHT is acute microcirculation damage, with clinical manifestations in the eyes, brain, heart, kidneys, and vessels and/or thrombotic microangiopathy. Despite the passage of more than 100 years since the first description, the pathophysiology of malignant hypertension awaits full explanation. It is necessary to establish a clear definition and promote knowledge about malignant hypertension. An awareness of ongoing occurrence and varied clinical presentation of MHT may contribute to better recognition and proper management of this life-threatening condition.