Biogenic synthesis and characterization of gold nanoparticles using Vitis vinifera seed extract: Exploring antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities

The synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) using a newly developed green approach shows great potential because of its non-toxic and eco-friendly properties. In this study, biosynthesis of AuNPs was prepared using aqueous seed extract of Vitis vinifera. The presence of AuNPs was confirmed by UV-Vis spectroscopy, which revealed a peak at 550 nm, A Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) study shows spectra that are identical to functional groups and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis demonstrated that AuNPs were of excellent purity with crystalline cubic structure phases in nature. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) demonstrated the objects usual spherical shape and smooth surface, while Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) investigation demonstrated a spherical morphology with particle sizes ranging from 5 nm to more. Energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX) confirmed the presence of Au elements at 2.2 keV. Also, evaluated antioxidant activity observed more effective and suggesting that they may possibly reduce damage produced by oxidative stress. The anti-inflammatory activity had a stronger effect, indicating their potential use in the treatment of inflammatory diseases. Further, the results of in vitro cytotoxicity activity of the samples against (HT-29) cell lines demonstrated the highest percentage of cell cytotoxicity. Therefore, all of these findings show that AuNPs produced through the plant-mediated method of synthesis may be cost-effective and environmentally safe, and that they may have interesting biological activity that could lead to biomedical application.