Evaluation of Axial and Radial Variations of Selected Mechanical Properties of Terminalia catappa (Linn) as A Lesser-Known Wood Species

The increasing demand for sustainable and alternative wood species necessitates the evaluation of lesser-known species for structural applications. This study investigates the mechanical properties of Terminalia catappa wood from three trees sourced from Rivers State University, Port Harcourt. The trees were analyzed axially (top, middle, and base) and radially (inner, core, and outer wood) to assess modulus of rupture (MOR), modulus of elasticity (MOE), compressive strength parallel to grain (CS//G), shear strength (SS), and impact strength (IS). Specimens were prepared in accordance with standard mechanical testing dimensions, and data were analyzed using ANOVA at a 5% significance level. Results indicated that MOR (2.99–3.09 N/mm²), MOE (680.35–753.00 N/mm²), CS//G (17.56–21.16 N/mm²), and IS (3.20–4.12 N/mm²) exhibited an increasing trend from base to top and from inner to outer wood. SS (12.69–19.47 N/mm²) also increased axially but fluctuated radially. Statistical analysis showed no significant differences (P > 0.05) across both planes. The findings position Terminalia catappa as a medium-density wood, suitable for non-structural applications such as furniture and plywood manufacturing. Further research is recommended to explore the commercial viability and sustainability of this lesser known species.