SCOLIOSIS IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS: CLINICAL AND RADIOLOGICAL EVOLUTION AFTER SURGICAL TREATMENT

Introduction: The term “scoliosis” means curvature. It is not actually a disease, but rather a three-dimensional deformity characterized by vertebral rotation, resulting in a lateral curvature of the spine. Objective: To evaluate the clinical course and radiographic outcomes of pediatric patients who underwent surgery for scoliosis at a fourth level pediatric center. Methodology: A quantitative, descriptive, retrospective study was conducted, using medical records as the population. A sample of 82 pediatric patients diagnosed with scoliosis who underwent surgical treatment was selected, taking into account pre- and post-surgical Cobb angle measurements to determine anatomical and functional improvement. Results: The Cobb angle decreased from 72.7° preoperatively to 18.40° post-surgically. Normal pulmonary function was confirmed. In males, 16% of children presented with mild restriction, while in females, moderate restriction was observed in 15.7%. Conclusions: Surgical treatment in pediatric patients with scoliosis, when clearly indicated, substantially improved clinical, structural, and functional outcomes.