CALCULATION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF BOTTOM DISCHARGE IN DAMS: THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL GUIDE

Bottom flushing operates by allowing water stored in the reservoir to be released through structures located at the base of the dam. It is a structure designed to control the controlled release of water from the reservoir, ensuring the stability of the dam and controlling water levels. This component is essential in damming to ensure the structural safety of the dam and the efficient management of water resources. This article offers an integrated approach to the calculation and implementation of bottom discharges in dams, with a focus on inverted siphons, based on hydrological and normative studies. Combining theory, legislation and practice, the aim is to provide a practical and complete guide that covers everything from the theoretical foundations to the execution of the installation. The objective is to simplify the process for engineers and technicians, ensuring the safe and efficient operation of dams, in addition to meeting environmental and regulatory requirements.