Next-generation Precision Farming Technologies to Enhance Sustainable Crop Production and Environmental Sustainability

Precision agriculture farming implies to the acute application of agricultural inputs-based factors like soil, climate and cropping pattern according to crop requirement to enhance sustainable crop productivity with quality and their profitability, and depends on numerous factors. The enabling precision agriculture technologies such as Computers system, Geographic Information System (GIS), Remote Sensing (RS), Global Positioning System (GPS), and Application control. It facilitates the technologies application with agronomic principles to manage temporal and spatial variable integrated with agricultural production all the aspects. In case of site-specific farming, where farmers can search variations viz., soil quality and fertilizers or irrigation supply and improve crop yield with minimizes environmental impact by lowering the overuse of inputs. The applications of precision farming are various aspects of agricultural management, like seed placement with maximize spacing yield potential factors like soil moisture and nutrient availability, farmers can obtain optimal germination and plant growth. Precision farming also integrates with remote sensing technologies viz., drones and satellite imagery, to monitor crop conditions and detect early signs of diseases or pests infestation. Additionally, precision farming offers real-time monitoring of weather and climatic conditions, allowing farmers to optimize their irrigation schedules or implement protective measures in response to climatic conditions. In this review discusses the concept, principles, components, applications, challenges, and future scope of precision farming, illustrating its role in enhancing crop production in sustainable agriculture.