Electric Vehicle Adoption in India: Growth Trends, Policy Support and Challenges

The shift toward sustainable transportation has attracted considerable global attention, and Electric Vehicles have emerged as an effective solution for reducing carbon emissions and reliance on fossil fuels. In India, the adoption of electric vehicles has grown rapidly in recent years due to technological progress, increasing environmental concerns, and supportive government policies. In this context, the present study aims to analyse the growth trends and segment-wise expansion of electric vehicle adoption in India, examine the major government initiatives and policy measures undertaken to promote electric mobility, and identify the key challenges affecting EV adoption. The analysis reveals a notable rise in electric vehicle registrations in India, particularly in the two-wheeler, three-wheeler, and four-wheeler segments, indicating strong growth in the EV market. The study also evaluates major government initiatives such as financial incentives, policy frameworks, and infrastructure development programs that aim to accelerate EV adoption and strengthen domestic manufacturing capabilities. However, despite these efforts, several challenges continue to hinder the widespread adoption of electric vehicles, including high initial costs, inadequate charging infrastructure, limited consumer awareness, and technological constraints. The findings of the study offer valuable insights for policymakers, industry stakeholders, and researchers in understanding the evolving EV ecosystem and formulating strategies to promote sustainable mobility in India.