Linking Personality Traits and Driving Behavior to Road Safety Outcomes: A Behavioral Framework for Urban Transport Systems

The rapid expansion of online motorcycle taxi services in Indonesia has been accompanied by a noticeable rise in traffic accidents, particularly in urban areas such as Semarang.In this context, driver-related factors appear to play a more decisive role than infrastructural conditions.This study examines the relationship between personality traits, driving behavior, and accident involvement among online motorcycle taxi drivers.Data were collected from 264 drivers and analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM).The results show that honesty-humility, emotionality, agreeableness, conscientiousness, and openness to experience are associated with safer driving behavior, whereas extraversion is linked to riskier patterns.In turn, safer driving behavior is associated with a lower likelihood of accident involvement.By contrast, age and years of service do not show a consistent influence on driving behavior.Based on these findings, a set of behavior-oriented intervention strategies is outlined, with emphasis on aligning safety measures with individual personality profiles.Rather than focusing solely on regulatory enforcement, the results suggest that targeted behavioral approaches may offer a more effective pathway for reducing accident risk in urban motorcycle-based transport services.