Eco-Friendly Solution Using Wood Vinegar from the Lesser-Known Wood Santiria griffithii from West Kalimantan to Control Termites Coptotermes curvignathus and Schizophyllum commune Fungus

Lesser-known wood refers to wood of lower quality that requires additional processing to improve its value. One way to achieve this is to convert wood into other products such as wood vinegar, which can be produced from wood waste. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of wood vinegar derived from Santiria griffithii wood in controlling damage caused by Coptotermes curvignathus termites and Schizophyllum commune fungi on wood. In this study, S. griffithii wood was pyrolyzed at 300°C, 350°C, and 400°C. The application of wood vinegar to subterranean termites C. curvignathus was performed at concentrations of 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10% and S. commune fungi at concentrations of 0.25%, 0.75%, 1.25%, and 1.75%. The high wood vinegar concentrations and pyrolysis temperatures increased termite mortality. Increasing the concentration of wood vinegar also reduced the weight loss of paper attacked by termites, with a pyrolysis temperature of 400°C, resulting in a significant weight loss (13.65%). The wood vinegar effectively inhibited the growth of S. commune fungus at a pyrolysis temperature of 400°C and a concentration of 1.75%. The optimal concentration for termite control was 6% at 300°C, whereas fungal inhibition reached 61% at a concentration of 0.75% at 300°C. Our findings indicate that wood vinegar from S. griffithii may be an effective alternative for controlling termites and fungi, with a pyrolysis temperature of 400°C being the most optimal condition for both applications.