Mechanisms of physical activity in epilepsy

INTRODUCTION . Physical activity plays an important role in the lives of people with epilepsy and has a positive effect on both physical and mental health. Current research suggests that moderate exercise contributes to better seizure control. AIM . To clarify the mechanisms of influence and polarity of the effect of physical activity on epileptic activity and seizures in epilepsy (following a literature review). MATERIALS AND METHODS . The subject of the study was a scientific work dealing with the study of the effect of physical activity on epileptogenesis. The literature was searched in international and national keyword databases. However, there are no evidence-based exercise protocols. A systematic analysis of data on the effects of physical activity is needed to develop effective recommendations. RESULTS . The main protective (acidosis, increased gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), -endorphins, etc.) and provoking (hyperventilation, ischemia, etc.) mechanisms of the influence of physical activity on the course of epilepsy are identified. Studies confirm the benefits of physical activity on the quality of life and emotional state of patients with epilepsy, but evidencebased exercise protocols are lacking; effective recommendations need to be developed. CONCLUSIONS . Physical activity is a promising non-pharmacological method for the treatment and rehabilitation of epilepsy. However, further studies are needed to clarify the mechanisms of action and to develop evidence-based recommendations.