Adaptive solar mppt using embedded and matlab

This project focuses on improving photovoltaic (PV) energy conversion by developing two independent solar tracking approaches that ensure maximum exposure to sunlight.The first approach involves a simulationbased single-axis tracking model created in MATLAB/Simulink.A closed-loop PID controller is utilized to continuously minimize angular deviation between the panel and the sun's path.The simulation enables analysis of controller dynamics including settling time, error reduction, and responsiveness under time-varying irradiance conditions.The second approach is a practical dual-axis tracking system built using an STM32 microcontroller, four Light Dependent Resistors (LDRs), and servo actuation.This hardware prototype detects illumination variations across two perpendicular axes and repositions the panel toward the direction of highest intensity.A voltage-sensing module is also integrated to monitor instantaneous PV output and compare improvements against a static reference panel.Both models operate independently but validate the effectiveness of sun-tracking mechanisms in enhancing solar energy harvesting.The simulation phase contributes to better understanding of PID-based tracking control, while the embedded design confirms realtime performance with sensor feedback.Together, these systems provide a solid foundation for integrating intelligent MPPT techniques in future solar power applications for improved efficiency and sustainability.