Coal mine safety monitiring and alerting system with smart helmet

Safety of mine workers is a critical concern due to the presence of hazardous conditions such as toxic gas leakage, high temperature, smoke, suffocation, and emergency situations inside underground mines.The Wireless Surveillance and Safety System for Mine Workers is designed to continuously monitor the working environment and provide real-time alerts to ensure worker safety.The proposed system is implemented using an Arduino Uno as the central controller, integrated with gas/smoke sensors, an LM35 temperature sensor, an emergency push button, GPS, GSM module, buzzer, and LCD display, all mounted on a smart helmet.The system continuously measures environmental parameters such as temperature and gas concentration.When any parameter exceeds its predefined safety threshold or when the emergency button is pressed by the worker, an audible alarm is activated through a buzzer to warn nearby personnel.Simultaneously, the system acquires the worker's real-time location using the GPS module and sends an alert message along with location details to predefined contact numbers via the GSM module.The LCD provides on-site visual information regarding sensor readings and alert status.This system enables early detection of hazardous conditions, rapid communication during emergencies, and accurate location tracking of mine workers.The proposed solution enhances safety, reduces response time during critical situations, and provides an efficient, low-cost, and reliable monitoring mechanism suitable for underground mining environments.