Review on Sustainable Rapid-Setting Geopolymer Concrete

Concrete production using Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) contributes significantly to global CO2 emissions.Geopolymer concrete (GPC), developed from industrial by-products such as fly ash and Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBFS), offers an eco-friendly alternative.This paper integrates experimental studies on cost comparison, setting, and workability under ambient curing and optimum mix design of geopolymer concrete.Results indicate that while GPC exhibits superior early strength and durability compared to conventional concrete, initial costs are about 27% higher.Incorporation of GGBF improves early strength and reduces setting time in ambient curing, while the optimum mix proportion is identified as Fly Ash: Fine Aggregate: Coarse Aggregate = 1:1.5:3.3 with alkaline solution-to-fly ash ratio of 0.35.This study establishes that GPC is a sustainable and high-performance material, though economic feasibility needs further improvement.